Record-controlled printing apparatus



Sept. 7, 1948.

H. L. THOLSTRUP REGORD-GONTROLLED PRINTING APPARATUS Filed June 9, 1945 22H la y 7 Sheets-Sheet l oxen emv-ln o OO 0 0 OOOO OO OO OO 0 O O OOOO Q OOO OO @OOO OOOOOO 0 OOOOOOO O OOO O O c' OO O OQO OOOOO OO OO O O O O O O0 O OO 0 OOOO O o O OOOOO o OOOOOO OO'I OO O OO O O O0 O O O O C OO O O oOOO OOO O OOOOO OOOO 0 G OO OD O OOOO O OOO O 0 OO OOO @OOO OO O OOQOO OOO' O OOO QO O O0 OO O OOO O o O 0 O OOOO O o 00 @O0 'Dv-N mcg-V1 INVENTOR ATi-ORNEY Sept. 7, 1948. H. l.. rHoLsTRUF' y RECORD-CONTROLLED PRINTING APPARATUS' 7 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed June 9, 1945 NWI- INVENTOR A@ 'ATT'ORNEY SePt- 7, 1948. H. 1 THoLsTRuP 2,448,842

RECORD- CONTROLLED PRINTING APPARATUS Filed June 9, 1945 '7 Sheets-Sheet 3 aif3 55 s6 F 5. 22 a '54 .5f

sa 36 9i /07 7 .7 f'f ff as 34 M3 /04 Lma FIG. 3.- /fm TOR I l ,77ml

ATTORNEY Sept. 7, 1948. H. THoLsTRuP RECORD-CONTROLLED PRINTING APPARATUS 7 Sheets-Sheet 4 Filed June 9, 1945 mmm `mm l, o. mmmmw m 4mm mmm. mmm. Smm 0, .wxh H o. n s mmm mmm. m vmm .b f f xr IL rv.. Il mm mm mmm m mmmkmm .am o m Mmm S U". o F 4,. 1M x mmm m NR. m I4 mmm i- I mmm I mmm m .O 4| .Qm "m mmm mmm mmmmmm Sm mm tm mmm 0 .mmm mmm mmm GNN Wm mln km mv m NQ. o M. A Q e w /f 4 A@ mmm Q @A #um l m mmm mmm o Sm Rm mmm m, HU

' INVENTOR H L. TfoLsTRL/F am,

AT'roRNEY Sept. 7, 1948. H, THOLSTRUP 2,448,842

REOHD-GONTROLLED PRINTING APPARATUS 'Filed June 9, 1945 7 sheets-sheet 5 @if IEENTIOR ATTORNEY Sept. 7, 1948. H. 1.-. THoLsTRuP 2,448,842

RECORD-CONTROLLED PRINTING APPARATUS Y Filed June 9, 1945 '7 sheets-sheet e FIG. 12a.

INVENTOR ATTRNEY Sept. 7, 1948. l-i. 1 -rHoLsTRUP 2,448,842

I RECORD-CONTROLLED PRINTING APFARA-'IUS Filed June 9, 1945 7 Sheets-Sheet 7 rfa 354 225 INVENTOR 224 FIG. 12b.

Patented Sept. 7, 1948 innemen-comino .Arr

Lita ARA'rUs VHenrynl Tholen-up. RoehesterjN; to Inte'rnatimial"l Business Machines Corporation;

1 This invention relates to `4printing zappa'ratus', and ithas "for "a, generalobj'ect Yto provide "apperatus of thistype which'is 'of' improvediconstruction and 'arrangement of kpartsand which 'operates 'eiectvely and' at"a're1a'tively" .high -`rate of speed;

According 4to certain `fits more specii'fc'espects, thepresent invention may be considered asv beingin the'nature of an improvemeriti'n 'record-controlled 'printing apparatus' of -the "type disclosed in my copendi'ng 'applicatioi-i,"Serial No. K29.22896, "tiled June "30, 1943, Anow Patent No. 2,3'1'823'21, Agranted' Junel 12', 1945. Asjwill-appeer more fully hereinafter, the illustrative einbodi'-, ment of th'epresent inventionincludesasa part thereof" thesa'me apparatus as is disclosed in *my copending" application. l

vThev printing apparatus disclosed 'in vn'iy'sa'id, copendin-g application cori'iprises` generally ja' reader, a typewriter, andcontrol insjt'rurnefritali-v ties'whi'ch function'to effect automatic operation ofthe"typewri''rv in accordance witlrdata-represeni-,ing designations recorded in 'a 'record 'strip according :to a rpredetermin'ed -code' Asystem and" successively analyzed or sensed'by' the" reader. Thedata designations in the record stripjrepresent, `respectively, both the 4character data" to `"he typed and the required functional .operations f the 'typewriter `such as, for '-example, the space, carriage-return, backespace, aiidftbulating operations. The` reader is 'cyclically' op'erahleeiid during each operating cycle `thereof the lrecord strip is spaced tobringa data'designatiOnfirto sensingjposition, the designtion is' sensed, jand, asa part-of the sensing'operation, a"significant signal is prcducd which `ccirresponds 4td the sensed designation. The reader-fcor'iipiises'fain operating shaft, termed the "rea'dershafu "and each revolutionofthereader shaftjeffectsian'operating'cycle of the redder.r 'The readeralsojim c'ludes' "a 'motor-'drivenpower shaft; which operetes continually; and'alsoa one-revolution clutch which iseffective", when' engaged, tdconnefitthe power "and rederfshafts for fone "revolution 'and then to disconnect' such shafts with the 'reader sliftstopping at a; home position'. lis"explained4 inmy said application, the clutch is 'heT'd en gaged 'as lon'g as' the designations sensed rpresent character dataV ora spacing operation, the latter requiring about the same timefofit's cnipletion'fas a chairafcter'printing operation. The typewriter" comprises 'a platen forsupporting the vworkccpy; the type bars on :which the character typeP are mounted, and" key" levers^^ corresponding, respectively; to the Itypel 'bars und vbeing "selecl eeuws; (Cinisi-12in' tively*a'c'tuata'iile"for` effecting printingon theccpy sheet. The typewriter also includes key lever selectively` actuatable'lto effect the diierent furietional 'operations o'f the typewriter, mentioned above; A 'separtesolen'oid is Aconnectedtto 'each of the'ke'y levers and effective .when energized to actuateitsikrelatedkey lever. The contro'l;in strurnentaiities,` referred to above, :include an electricl' translating .'ni'eans` which lin 4response 'to each signal 'producedby the reader, 'establishes an energizing circuit for the solenoid "forcperating. the key lever which neffects the .character printing operation. cr- `effects the "functional vuperation coirespondingtolthe designationfsensed *theA resultingsignaLproducedL y. An analysis of thevoperation 'of uapparatusLas set 'forth'above .reveals that 'the time: required for readingthedifferent Vcharacter designations; and space designations, and for producing rthe significant signal and energizing the "prcpensolenoidi "actuator is substantially uniform 'for al1 characters :tout that the" time required for, effecting acharacterprinting operation varieswith the 'different' typeh bars and their actuating `ineens and also variesfwith 'diuerent typewriters; there being. aa' substantial differenceV between '.the`""tiine required to actuatethe type siarfastest t-o operate and "that required Ato operate the "slowestban Consequently, with the `clutch held engaged for successive character typing operations and 'for spacing' operations, the speed of the readershaft must be such that'the printing operationrequir ing the longest time forcompletion canbe effeted twice" in succession. Thus, recall-printing operations're'quirin'g less than the maximum time fortheircoinpletion acertain part of thetimeallottedffci' the printing operation is not used. "It is'amore specinc 4cloject 'ofthepresent' invention' to provide printing'fapparatusof the `general type 'rferredtm whereinfthe. length `of time from the beginningof each cycle in which a charactrdesi'gnati'on is sensedV and extending through the completion of; the `resulting character;print-A ing opergtion and "to' the beginning of the next succeeding cycle, varies as anA increasing func` tion fof 'the time required for effecting; su'chfresultingcharacterprinting operation. e

A further object is to provide acyclcally operable recordcon'trolledi printing apparatus whereworking parts of the reader, which forms a com-y ponent part of the preferred embodiment shownv i'n Fig. 1; certain of the parts being broken away ff' to illustrate the construction more completely;

Fig. 3 is a fragmentary vertical sectional view taken on the line 3-3 of Fig. 2;.y

Fig. 4 is a fragmentary vertical sectional View'. taken on the line 4-4 of Fig. 2, and illustrating the tape feeding mechanism;

Fig. 5 is a fragmentary vertical section through the reader, the section being taken at right angles to Figs. 3 and 4 and being indicated by the line 5-5 on Fig. 2;

Fig. 6 is a fragmentary vertical sectional view taken on the line 6--6 of Fig. 2, and illustrating the clutch mechanism and its controlling magnet which function to conn-ect the main operating shaft of the reader with a source of power;i

Fig. 7 isa fragmentary vertical section taken on the line I--1 of Fig. 3 and showing the reader pins and the manner in which they control their respective contacts;

Fig. 8 is a transversevertical sectional view through the lcenter of a typewriter which forms another component part ofthe apparatus disclosed in Fig. 1, the plane ofthe-section being taken on the line 8j8 of Fig. 14; l i

Fig. 9 is a fragmentary plan sectional view showing certain details of the typewriter, the plane of the section being indicated by the line 9-9 of Fig. 8;

Fig. 10 is a` fragmentary perspective view illustrating mechanism for effecting the return of the typewriter carriage;

Fig. 11 is an enlarged fragmentary vertical section showing more clearlythe toggle mechanism which actuates the carriage-returnclutch;

Figs. 12a and 12b are two parts of an electrical Wiring diagram illustrating diagrammatically the various control instrumentalities of the apparatus and the circuit wires connecting them; and

Fig. 13 is a view .showing a portion. of a record tape bearing all of the code hole designations o1 a preselected combinational code.

, Before considering in detail the construction and operation of the illustrated embodiment of the invention, it will -be helpful to considerrst one practical example of a preselected .combinational code by means of which the character data which it is desired to print, can. berecorded on a record strip or tape. In Fig. 13, a portion of a record tape I0 is shown, and punched in the tape are all of the code hole designations of a .combinational six-hole code. I'he six code positions are indicated at both endsof the tape II! by the reference numerals I to 6, inclusive, and each code designation is arranged in a vertical column or recording field, and opposite each leld bearing a code designation and at the lower edge of the tape, is placed the particular character or typewriter function represented by the, code designation in that field. The smallerholes II.l at the center `of the tape I0 and within.. each of the several recording fields are for thepurpose of feeding the tape lengthwise during the reading or senslngoperation.. The code hole designations 4 and the feed holes I I may be punched in the tape by any suitable form of code perforator (not shown herein).

Referring now in detail to the construction disclosed in the drawings, it will be noted that the invention is shown as embodied in signal-controlled printing apparatus, which is shown in Fig. 1 as comprising generallyv a tape reader IIIU enclosed within a suitable housing I2, and a power operated typewriter 200. As will appear more fully hereinafter, the apparatus also includes an electrical relay translator of the pyramid type, vand certain mechanisms, devices, circuits, and

other control instrumentalities which provide for fthe vautomatic operation of the typewriter under control vofthe code designations in the record tape I0 sensed `by the reader. The translator and these other control devices, instrumentalities, etc.,

and their connecting circuit wires are shown diagrammatically in Figs." 12a and 12b. As will appear more fully hereinafter, these control instrumentalities are suitably mounted within the readerhousing I2 and on and under the typewriter 200. The circuit wires connecting the control instrumentalities mounted in the reader' |00 with those mounted on the typewriter 200 are suitably enclosedv within a cable RT shown in Fig. 1.-A f f As Viewed in Fig. 1, the reader is provided across its lower side with a platform or tape table I3 across which the record tape I0 bearing the recorded data is fed step-by-step during the operation of the apparatus. A tape supply spool I5 is-suitably mounted at the right-.hand side of the table lI3 and serves to support the record tape I0 to be read and transcribed. A second or tape storage spool I6 is provided at the left of the table I3, and, as will later appear, is rotated by a ilexibl-e belt I1 during operation of the apparatus, for the'purpose of winding the tape thereonafter it leaves the sensing station of the reader. The sensing station is indicated at 20 and, as will ap-A pear more fully hereinafter, the recording fields of the tape are successively sensed during successive operating cycles, by sensing elements located at the stationv 2U. A removable gate 2I is provided at .the sensing station,l for properly positioning and holding the tape with krespect to the sensing elements. The tape I0 is guided in its movement toward the sensing station by a suitable guide member 22 .fixed to the top of the tape table I3.

At the right-hand side of the reader |00 as viewed in Fig.l 1, are provided three electrical switches indicated, respectively, at 24, 25, and

26. As will appear `more fullyy hereinafter, the switch 24 is the power switch and when closed, connects a convenient source of alternating current 4with a motor for driving the reader unit and with a motor for operating the typewriter. The reader motor is indicated by the character RM in Figs. 2 and 12a, and the typewriter motor by TM in Fig. 12b. The switch 25 is the start switch and when operated starts the sensing vand feeding of the tape and the automatically controlled operation of the typewriter key members. The switch 26 vis, the stop switch and when closedinstantly stops the feeding and sensing of the tapev and thev controlled operation of the typewriter.

The typewriter 200 which is shown in plan in Fig. 1 and the detail construction thereof in Figs. 8, 9, 10, and 11 will be recognized as being a well knowncommercial form of power-driven typewriter and will be described more fully hereer1-rege@ 11i-after. "InT-Fi'g.' 1`, the typewriter-*200 is shown as` comprising a keyboard i 2 IIIA including-thefrequired c omplernent'f charac-terkeys 2 I I which operate corresponding type bars 2I2, and the functionaT'keys which! include'the shift key *2'I3, shift lock key A"2III, shift release key2I-5,`the carriage return key 2IE, the backspace key'2 I'I, and thefta'bulating key2l8. The space-'bar is indicated at'223'. The typewriter 200=also comprises 'the-'conventional rotatable platen *2I9 mounted on the ltypewritercarriage "220 vand which-supports a-copy sheet indicated at l22I and'on -which the data recorded'y in' theI tapeV I are automatically typed.

At` the lower lan'd'leftlhand side `of the' typewriter as'viewed 'in'Fig 1, is provided a;power switch 224 which,rwhen'closed, like thepower switch 24I,jc'onnects` a; source of alternating` current with'thetypewriterand reader'motors. At the lower'and'right-hand side ofthe typewriter isf'mounted a'start'switc'h 225anda stop switch 2 255 which j function, respectively; thesame Aas. the.

switclies25 and"26i onthe"rea"der |100. 'Thus;` the operation Vof -the apparatus 'may be controlled from' either 'the typewriter "or from the reader. An insert switch 221 is alsoprovided:on'thetypewriter which, when open, prevents starting of thevtape vfeeding and sensing mechanisms' in the reader I and thereby reliminates controlby'the latter of the typewriter, so" that the" keys" of the typewriter keyboard 2 I II can "be' operated' manually withoutinterference from' thereader. The insert switch1221willnormally'be closed, and will beopened when it is Vdesired to type manually'an insert in the data.` beingtranscribedfor example, when itis 'desired`to type manually the name and address of 'theperson Ato'whom' the transcribed :copy is to be sent or any other data which will'be'of interestonly to'the' recipient of the copy.

.The detail construction of the reader isshown in Figs. 2 to '7, inclusive. The readercomprises the reader motoriRM'which is suitably mounted Within 'the housing' I2 `and'which operates continuously as long as.either'the'powerswitch 24 or power switch 224'is closed. `Themotorisat all times operativelyvconnected AbyV a 'suitable exible vdrive belt30' with a"power shaft 3l, the latter being mounted for 'rotation 'within' suitable bearings 32 mounted within a frame'33' which is bolted to the base 34 ofthereader.

The reader |00 also' comprises an operating shaft 35 which is alignedwith the'power shaft 3l and is supportedfor rotation within suitable bearingst` carried by the reader frame 33. The shaft 35 is referredto-herein as the reader shaft. A clutch 37, under the control of aclutch magnet CM, is operable to connect and disconnect the reader shaft 35' and the power shafti3I. The reader shaft effects the operation of the tape feeding and sensing means.

A cycle of operation of the-apparatus isleffected during each revolution of the shaft' 35;' viz., the tape I 0 is fed orspaceda distance suiiicient to bring the 'next 'recordingeld'of the tapeinto sensing position, such'next iield is sensedto 'determine the code' designation therein, if any; and the typewriter is operated in response `to the sensingof the code' designation. Asl long as'the shafts 3Iand`35 are clutched'toget-her the'cycles of operation arerepeated'and thetypewriter continues to transcribe the data recorded in the tape being read. Y

In so 'far asthe present `invention is concerned, any suitable? form off lclutch may -be used to vconnetvi theV "readershaft :to 'the `continuously operatedpower" shaft. Theclutch 31 which is shown, is'lwell known to thoseskilled in thisv art, it'being-:substantially the same'as that disclosed ir'rft'he'Uf S.""Patent No.` 2206.646, granted July 2,1940. If desired, reference may behad to said patent for acomplete showing of the structural details' thereof. For the purposes ofthe present disclosure, itI is believed suilicienttof say that the clutch cornprises'a` driving element in the form of a toothedwhe'elf fixed to the end of the power shaft 3 I, and aldriven element' in the form oifa barrelv 4Ifixed to the reader shaft 35y and carrying'a radially slidable clutch pawl 42. The barrel 4I is'formed'with a di'ame'trically disposed slot 43 within Iwhich the pawl 42 is slidably mounted.' 'To the outer end of the pawl `42 is fixeda tooth element 44 which, when the pawl 42l isimo-vedradially inward, engages the toothed wheel"40 to provide the driving connection between" the lshafts 3| and 35. The pawl 42 is biasedin at clutch engaging direction by a suitable'spring mounted-within theclutch barrel 4I. A'clutchr'eleasing llever 45 also extends diametrically across-'the clutch barrel'and at right angles `to. the slot '43 and is mountedior limited angular movement therein. The lever is providedwi'th `an outer extension 46 which, when intercepted and engaged by the outer end of one arm 41 of a rocking lever 48, is moved to move the clutch paw] 42 radially outward against the force of the aforementioned spring in the barrel 4F to disengage the clutch.

"The clutch parts are shown in'Figs. 2, 5, and 6 in their declutched position which is the home or starting position ofthe reader. The rockinglever 48 is mounted yon a stud'' carried by a part of the frame and includes a second arm5I which carries at its outer end the armature 52 of the clutch magnet CM. When the clutch magnet CM is energizedfthe lever'48 is rockedV counterclockwise; as'viewed in Fig. 6, which moves theouter end of the arm 4l upward and thereby releases the outer-extension`46 of the releasing lever 45, andthe clutch spring within the clutch barrel 4I then moves the pawl 44 radially inward to engage the toothed wheelr 4U in 'the manner explained above. Whenthe clutch magnet CM is deenergized, a tension'spring53 rocks the-lever 48 clockwise moves the outer end of the arm' 41 into thepath of theouter extension 46 of the lever so that thelatter is engaged and moved to move the pawl outward to disengage the clutch.

in order to prevent rebound oi the parts when theclutch isldisengaged and in order to hold the reader "shaftVSS4 inthe home position, the clutch barrel 4I is also `provided with an annular extension or collar? 54 having a notch 55 formed therein which, when the clutch is disengaged, receives the outer end of an arm' of a detent lever 51. The detentlever 51 is also pivoted on the stud 55) and includes'another armf'which is connected to the'iarmature by means of the tension spring 53 previously mentioned. 'I'hus, the spring 53 serves thedual purpose of urging the arm 56 `into ongagementwithvthe periphery of the collar 54 so'that lit'will `t within the notch 55`in home position, and of urging thearm 41 into position to intercept the-extension 4I'of the pawl releasing lever-45 Aandthereby declutch the "parts,

st'atedabove,^during the first part of each revolution offthe reader shaft'35, the tape is fed or-spaced lengthwise tobringa new recording eld into^s`en`sing position. The tape feeding mechanisnrissh'own Amore clearly in-Figs. 2-and 4, and

comprises a cam 60 mounted on the reader shaft 35 and cooperating with a rocking lever 6I pivoted on a fixed stud 82 carried by the frame 33 and comprising a pair of arms 63 and 64. The cam G8 and. lever 6I are shown in Fig. 4 in the starting or home position and are so constructed that when the cam 60 begins to rotate in a counterclockwise direction, it rst engages the arm 63 to rock the lever 6I counterclockwise and then engages the other arm 64 to rock the lever 6I clockwise and return the same to the position shown. A link 66 is pivoted at its lower end to the outer end of arm 64 and extends upwardly therefrom and is pivoted at its upper end by Ia stud 61 with a second link 68. The link is also pivoted to a shaft 10 and serves to hold the link 66 in its upright position shown.

Also pivotally connected on the stud 61 is a feed pawl 1I which is held in operative engagement with a ratchet wheel 12 fixed to the shaft 10, by means of a tension spring 13 connecting outer extending arms of the pawl 1I Yand the link 68. A detent 14 is pivotally supported by a ixed stud 15 and is held in engagement with the teeth of the ratchet wheel 12 by means of a tension spring 16 and thereby serves to prevent reverse movement of the ratchet wheel 12 and shaft 1E). From the above, it is apparent that when the clutch 31 is engaged to rotate the reader shaft 35 and when the lever 6I is rst rocked counterclockwise by the cam 60, the pawl 1I will be moved downwardly thereby and will rotate the ratchet 'I2 and shaft 10 counterclockwise; and, when the cam 6D rocks the lever 6I clockwise, the pawl 1I will be moved upward to engage the next tooth of the ratchet 12.

The shaft 10 is the tape feed shaft and is provided with a feed wheel 11 having radially extending pins 18 which are adapted to engage the feed holes I I in the tape I 0. Thus, when the feed shaft is partially rotated in the manner just described, the tape is fed to the left as viewed in Figs, 1 and 2, a distance equal to the width of a recording field. The belt I1 which rotates the spool I6 shown in Fig. 1, is driven from a pulley 19 fixed to the tape feed shaft 10.

The mechanism for successively sensing the recording fields of the tape comprises six sensing pins indicated, respectively, by the characters SI to S6, inclusive. There is one pin for each of the code hole positions and the pins are arranged in a single vertical plane extending at rig-ht angles to the direction of movement of the tape, and so that when the tape comes to rest at the end of a feeding operation, the upper end of each pin will be directly beneath its corresponding code hole position in the field of the tape then in position to be sensed. The pins are guided for vertical movement within aligned openings in spaced guide blocks 80 and 8l, respectively, which are suitably fixed to the frame 33. Aligned pairs of guide openings are also provided in the table I3 and in the gate 2| and they are aligned with corresponding openings in the guide blocks so that during a sensing operation each pin can be moved upward and through the tape when there is a hole in the code position in the tape corresponding to such pin.

The six sensing pins are supported and operatively connected, respectively, at their lower ends to six pairs of spring blade contacts indicated, respectively, by the characters CI to C6, inclusive. Each pair of contacts comprises an upper xed blade 82 and a lower movable spring blade 83 which extends outwardly beyond the end of its related fixed blade and is connected at its outer end to the lower end oi its related sensing pin. The construction is such that the spring blades 83 constantly urge their respective contacts upward into closed position and their related sensing pins upward as viewed in Figs. 3 and 7. Between sensing operations, the six sensing pins are held in home position, the position shown in Fig. 3, by the outer lateral edge 84 of a vane B5, which edge extends across all of the pins and within transversely aligned notches 86 provided, respectively, in the sides of the pins. The vane is, in effect, a rocker arm pivotally supported on a rod 81 carried by the frame 33 and constantly urged to move in a clockwise direction, as viewed in Fig. 3, by a tension spring 88. The vane 85 is provided at its center with a depending arm 89 which carries at its lower end a roller 98 held by the spring 88 in contact with the face of a `cam 8| mounted on the reader shaft 35. When the roller 90 is in engagement with the high point of the cam 9|, the vane 85 is held in the position shown in Fig. 3 where the several sensing pins are held in their respective lower positions and the pairs of contacts controlled thereby are held open.

After the tape has been spaced by the feeding mechanism in the manner previously described and has come to rest with the new recording eld above the sensing pins, the shaft 35 and cam 9| will have rotated counterclockwise from the position shown in Fig. 3, 94 of a revolution. When the shaft 35 has rotated 114", the roller 90 will begin to move inwardly from the high point of the cam SI, and the Vane 85 Will move in a clockwise direction due to the force of the spring 88. The sensing pins SI to S6, inclusive, will also follow the end 84 of the vane 85 upward due to the spring force in their respective movable blades 83. If there be a hole in the code position of the tape immediately above a sensing pin, its movable spring blade 83 will continue to move the pin upward andthrough such code hole and to a point where the pair of contacts controlled thereby will close. If there be no code hole in the position above a sensing pin, the upper end of such pin will strike the tape I0 and will be held thereby against further upward movement, and in the latter position its related pair of contacts are held open.

By way of example, Fig. 7 shows the relative position of the parts during the sensing of a record field bearing the 1-3--5 code designation, which as shown in Fig. 13 represents the letter character Y. Sensing pins SI, S3, and S5 are shown as having passed through code holes in the corresponding code positions 1, 3, and 5 in the tape IIJ and their related contacts CI, C3, and C5 are shown closed. The sensing pins S2, S4, and S6 have been stopped in their upward movement by the tape and their related contacts C2, C4, and C6 are thereby held open.

From the foregoing, it is apparent that during a sensing or reading operation the contacts CI to C6, inclusive, are closed by their related sensing pins singly or in combination, depending upon the code hole designation in the record field of the tape being sensed. The sensing operation is terminated by the high point of the cam SI engaging the roller 90 on the arm 89 and moving the vane 85 counterclockwise, as viewed in Fig. 3, so that the end 84 thereof engages again the lower ends of the notches 86 in the several sensing pins SI to S6, inclusive, and thereby moves the latter downward to the position shown in Fig. 3, where movable spring blade 95 carryingtone of a `.pai-1. 'of Y contacts 96. The. blade .95."is normallyl urgedfup- Ward .by the .spring force inherenttthereimsto open the contacts? 96 :and movethe.pin1194f11pwardi1- If.' there is a tapexat the sensing-staftonzthefupper endxoi the pin 94 rengagesfthe:undersidecofl'the tapeand thecontacts SSfare. held'closed.: This is-.the 'position of thespartsrshownin'ilig:7': When the tape runs out;A the' pin 94fmoves :upward and opens the contacts-96which; as :will fappearlater; opens the energizingcircuit forzthe lclutch magnet CMand thereby stopsthe feedi-ngziandrsensi-ng.4 operation of theread'er. Intlig.: 3,.no":tapefs' shown at the sensingfposition 28.-;andthepinf94 is'rshown' in theupperpositionzy/hererthe: contacts. t6 fare open; lheapin '9431s.madesumcientlylarge in' diameter `sorthat thexfeed lio'les;` I I :ain :thetape: l willnot afectiits operationl. l

Each sensing or reading-=operation"produces: asignicant signal corresponding.,ztozthe" designeetion sensed.` As willl be explained; more'. `fully hereinafter in connection .with the ydescription'vof. the. Wiring diagram'. shoilvninl Figsla 1221 and'12b; the sensing contactsrCI Iton-CB, .inclusiva control' respectively, the' loW off directl .current within x six signal circuits, the. .latter including, respectively; six translatorqrelaysflvl ztoMglfinclusive; of a re..A lay q'type off translator74 mechanism'rfwlhich; ast stated, is diagrammatically shown in Fig. 122i: At this point it .is suicienti'to sayrthatlbyxenergizing translator relays M I l'to' MSB;V inclusiva-.singlyand in combination, due.' to the: selective zclosing;

of their related rcontacts'CI to '.C, inclusive;I :durs-` ing.l the` reading:J operation` Adescribed;above; .af number.` of` controlling :circuit pathsl lthrouglhathe translator are selectively'festablished'j. which i 'cire'.

cuit paths 2 correspond, respectively;:tothef` code:-

designation sensedi. With certain exceptions hereinaftery explain-ed;V each'. of these circuit paths.. relatedzkeyimember of? when closed; V'actuates z a' the typewriter 2.00; i

Aicarn |02 is alsol fixed .to the'reader-rshaftia and controls througha.pivotednfollowers [Daith'e operationV of a pair Vof spring*` blade. contactsrllf As; willi appear. more: `fully hereinafter;` the; contacts-` I U4 control thexlowcf signal .currentffromf a suitable D. C; source and-through the :contacts CI to Ct; inclusive, in,parallel,.tottheirirelatedf translator magnetsfMxI toilMG-, iiicl-lisivef..l The contacts 4I IM: maya be termedzthe'` DrlC. common;A contacts and: are :normally: held open; by.: 'theirv movablespring blade. The cam :.I It2isrsorshapedil andI positioned 'on theioperating shaft.735".that the contacts'IM are closedxat 1.425L off'aarevolution; Which is after thetimefor closingtrthe-sensing contactsCI to C6',- inclusive, and; arewopened at 311- whichv is beforevthe.; sensing; contacts. 'are opened by the vane 851'4 The'wpurposer, of the D. C. common contacts istoiprovdef forfsimu'l` taneously energizing land :deenergizing:the-trans# lator relaysasMI` togMB inclusive;`

andfcontrols' l throughv` a 'vpivoted' followery |01 theop'eration of 'a pair of normally open springI blade contacts-Ill which are herein termed the A. C. common contacts; As will appear more'v fully.r hereinafter, thecurrent which flows through theA controlling circuit paths of the translator previously mentioned asf being conditioned by'the selectiveenergization ofthe translator relays MI tofM-inclusiva is-Al C. current, and the cam |061 srso .shaped that it connects the source of.A. C.' current'with these circuit paths` at. apredetermined pointwin eachcycle of operation. In the structurer"shown, the cam efectsthe closing-ofthe A; CI common contacts f I 08" at approximately 170 of eacliv revolution and opens the contacts at 294.

The' detail".` construction of 'thetypewriter is shown in'iFigs; 8, 9, 10,` and 11 and -as-statedpre-V viously, is a Well known commercialr from 'of power driven typewriter. "'I'hestructural fea@ tures andprinciples'of operationv of f this typewriter are: fullydisclcsed in ai number of-"UJSLV patents, among which are Patent No.'1,'777,055,' granted September 30, 1930, and Patent No, 1,873,512, granted; vAugust 23, 1932;r These patents disclose the 'general principles of operation; offthekeyv levers and howthey control through relatedy cani' units, the operation ofthe type bars,-4 and the `manner `of spacingvthe type` writer carriage;` Inv View of thedetailed descripf tion cfthe construction and operation ofthe parts given'in 'the' vpatents just `mentioned-Y onlyfa brief;

the@ typewriter i frame. notatably. v mounted; irrthe. base 23| Ais-.tl1e-p`bwer roller'- 232i' which' 'isf rotatedimA the' direction fof the arrowA `by means ofxfanxA;Y Cllmotor, not.' shown inA Fig. 8, 'butln` dicated-sdiagrammaticallyat "TM in Fig. 1212i When the machine is in use, the DOWel T0119? rotates continually.`

Cooperating with `the powerroller 232`are=lthe camunits 233i Whichare pivotallymountedv on rods-:234 Aextending parallelwith the power roller 2322. Therei is a cam -unit 233? associated with each of the keylevers228, and-each of the cams units which `is'loperated by-a character key-=2`II, istconnected byalink `235' with a-sub-lever-`-236- medium ofrtoggles 238. The type bars 2I2-are pivoted :in the usual 1 type bar seg-ment `239`4 and* thevlatterl.isvprovided-with aitypeguide 240 lo-f catediin front of the-platen 2`I9. Asfstated'prelengthwisemovement onv front and rear rails 2Mb and. 242;"respectively, by means of= suitable antiefri-ctionwroller1 trucks; Springs 2113i -connectedI to` curved.` springanchoring" member 244 rand: Ito. Atoggle'sf'lii?, vprovide- .means' forflocking' theeato'gglesY in` their normal or inactive Vposition showningFig. 8. f i i `When any character key `2I I isi -rnanuallyf dei pressed, its 'related 'cara-unit' l233fisl'caused to op'- eratively engage the y power roller '2M-lin a well known. way, 'therebsl rockingthe cam unit 233.1

clock-Wise4 or countercloclwlse,4 according to whetherithe operative' cam unit is pivotedon the"A nected by; links 231to type bars 2I2 through theV viously;` the: platen "is adapted to-support the- Worlrsheet 221 tandis-rotatably.mounted in' the y carriage` 220;. and.. the.` latterf isf supportedfor left hand or right hand rod 234, respectively, as viewed in Fig. 8. The rocking of the cam unit 233 causes its link 235 to be drawn downward, thereby rocking the corresponding sub-lever 236 in a clockwise direction. This movement of the sub-lever 236, through the corresponding link 231 and toggle'238, causes the type bar 2|2 associated with the selected key to rock in a counterclockwise direction to effect the impression of the vtype upon the work sheet 22| wrapped around the platen 2|9. The type bar, near the end of its operating stroke, engages the usual universal bar 245 and causes the universal bar to move rearwardly and downwardly as viewed in Fig. 8 to space the carriage forward in a manner which is not disclosed in detail herein, but which is fully disclosed in the above mentioned Patent No. 1,873,512 and is well known to those skilled in thisart.

To each of the character key levers 228 is connected by a spring 246, an electrically responsive actuator in the form of a solenoid 241 which, when energized, pulls its related key lever 228 downward to operate the related cam unit 233 and type bar 2 2 in the same manner as described above when the related key 2|I is manually depressed. As will appear more fully hereinafter, the solenoids 241 are selectively energized by the A. C. controlling circuit flow paths previously mentioned as being selectively established by the energizing of the translator relays Ml to M6, inclusive.

As will be readily understood by those skilled in the typewriter art, one of the cam units 233 is operated by manually depressing the spa-ce bar 223 and its related key lever, and such cam unit when operated effects the rearward movement of the universal bar 245 to space the carriage as is fully disclosed in the above mentionedv Patent No. 1,873,512. The detail linkage and mechanism for effecting this operation has not been shown herein as it would be a needless duplication of drawings and description. An actuator in the form of a solenoid 241 is also provided for operating the key lever in which the space bar 223 is mounted. The latter solenoid is shownl diagrammatically in Fig. 12b.

. The type bar segment 239 is mounted in a frame 2419 ,and both the segment and the frame form parts of the type basket. The type basket is movably mounted in the framework of the machinev for case shifting movement in a well known way and normally occupies an elevated position shown in Fig. 8 for the typing of lower case characters referred to hereinabove. In Figs. 1 and 8, only one of the type bars 2|2 has been shown. The lower case type element on the bar 2| 2 is indicated at 2|2a and the upper casev type element at 2|2b. The case shifting mechanism for drawing the type basket downward to permit the printing of shifted case characters is fully disclosed in U. S. Patent No. 1,945,097, granted January 30, 1934, and consequently need not be shown in detail herein, it being suiilcient for thepurposes of the present disclosure to note thai-.leach time t-he shift key lever 250 (Fig. 1) is moved downward by a solenoid 241 or by manually depressing key 2|3 or key 2|4, a cam unit engages the power roller 232 and the type basket is moved downward to its upper case position, and each time a shift-release key lever 25| is moved downward by a solenoid 241, or by depressing key 2|5, thev type basket is moved upward and returned to its lower case position. A full disclosure of the case-shifting mechanism is also included in my copending application re-V ferred to herein at the outset.

The mechanism shown herein for returning the carriage to begin a new line of typing is well known to those skilled in the typewriter art. Attention is directed to U. S. Patent No. 2,104,559, granted January 4, 1938, and U. S. Patent No. 1,753,450, granted April 8, 1930, for a full disclosure of the structural details of the carriage return 'mechanism shown herein, the later granted patent being directed to the specic clutchV shown herein for connecting the power roller to the drum about which the carriage return tape is wound.

Referring to Figs. 10 and 11, the carriage return key `2|6 is shown as mounted on a key lever 252 pivoted on the rod 229 and controlling the operation of a cam unit 253 which is similar in construction and operation to the previously described cam unit 233. One of the solenoids 241 is connected by a spring 246 to the key lever, 252 and when energized, moves the key lever downward to effect operation of the cam unit 253. The latter is connected iby a link 255 with the inner or left-hand end of a toggle lever 256 pivoted on a fixed stud 251 carried by a bracket 258 which is secured to a part 259 (Fig. 11) of the frame of the typewriter. The outer or right-hand end of lever 256 is connected by a toggle link 260 (Fig. 11) to one arm of a twopart lever -26| pivoted on a pin 262 'which is carried by the lower end of a bracket 263 xed on the typewriter frame part 259. Another arm 264 of the two-part lever 26| is disposed adjacent a clutch 265. As described fully in Patent No. 2,104,559, when lever 26| is rocked clockwise,'as viewed in Fig. 11 herein, the clutch 265 connects ythe power roller 232 with a drum 266 about which one end of a carriage return tape 261 is wound. The other end of the tape 261 is connected to a part of the vtypewriter carriage 220.

When the cam unit 253 is operated, either by energizing the solenoid v241 or by manually depressing the key 2|6, the lever 256 is rocked counterclockwise 'as viewed in Fig. 11, and the toggle formed by the right-hand arm of lever '256 and the link 260 is straightened and thereby effects the just mentioned clockwise movement of the two-part lever 26| to engage the clutch 265. The lever 256 is moved by the link 255 slightly past the dead center position of the toggle and thus the lever 256 and the associated parts are held in the clutch engaging position. Upon engagement of the clutch 265, the carriage 220 will be returned, i. e., moved to the right as viewed in Fig. 10, to begin a new line of typing.

At the same time the lever 256 is moved to engage the clutch in the manner just described, the inner or lefthand end of the lever '256 engages and moves downward one arm 269 of a bell lcrank 210 which is suitably pivoted by a pin 21| to a xed part 212 of the typwriter frame. The bell crank 210 will thus be moved about its pivot pin and a second arm 213 thereof, through a connecting link 214, will move a lever 215 pivotallymounted on a pin 216, clockwise about its pivotand the lever 215 through a link 211 will `move a lever 218 which is pivoted on a pin219 carried by the rail 242, counterclockwise about its pivot. The lever 216 is formed with an arm 28| which when moved counterclockwise in the manner just stated, will be positioned within the path of travel of the left-hand marginal stop 282 of the typewriter.

' fry ried by the typewriter carriage, and can be positioned thereonwat any selected point corresponding to a letterspace'positlon of the carriage. Near the end of the return movement of the carriage and just before the marginal stop 282 engages a ilxed lug 284, formed one part` (not shown) of the `tabulating mechanism, toA stop `the carriage, the marginal stop 282` engages the top surface ofarm 28| and thereby rocks .the lever 218 clockwisef When the lever 218 is thus .moved clockwise, motion is transmitted through-the vvlink 211, lever 215, and link 214, to rockthe bell crank 218 so as to move Lits arm 269 upWard-itoengage the -lever 256 and thereby move the latter clockwise to` break the toggle and move the two-part lever '26| counterclockwise which will effect disen gagement of the clutch 265 and thereby vdisconi nect the power roller 232 from theltape dru 266..` n y i l As indicated in Fig. V10`,"the carriage return cam unit T253 is provided with a-clownward extension 285'`carrying a contact operating roller 286 which enga-ges a movable spring blade 281 of a contact lassembly/P1288 suitably mounted on the typewriter. The assembly288 comprises a pair offnake 4contacts 298 a pair of break contacts 29|,and-a` second pair of "make contacts 292. The' springl blade 281 is connected by an insulatedkv post 293 with movable blades 294 and 23.5 ofcontacts 29| and292, respectively. When thea'mlunit 253 is operated in the manner previously described,'ihe roller `288 -shifts the blade 281Y yand blades 294 and 295 `downward to closf contacts-298 and' 292 and open contacts 29|f-Wliile` the carriage 228 is returning, the toggle lever-256 holds the'camunit 253 in the shifted position and the latter holds theconj tactsintheir actuated position', `just described.`l

ing;ar'e effected in' a manner'which is" also well `55 afdtail disclosure fherein of the mechanisms for effecting these operating functions is considered kn'own'tothose skilled in-this art. Consequently,

unnecessary. i They are disclosed fully Vin my said copending application and in prior United States patentsidentiled therein. For 'the purposesof disclosing the present invention,` it 4is considered sulcie'nt-to state that 'each of 'the keys 2|1T and 2 |8,7is" mounted onafcorresponding key leversimnarra-m theievers `22a, 25u, anu 252,. and when each` key" is depressed, it-actuates a correspondingf-'cam unit which -in turn operates the mechanism Vforfeffecting the functional operation vcorresponding` to the'V depressed key. Also, a Asolei noid actuator 241 `is connected toeachof-*the key leverslsupporting the keys 2 I1 and 218 and when energized effects the' operation of the corresponding.?..cam.unit in "the-same manner `as whenl the fkeysl are manuallydepressedp y i y, -Referring-particularly to Figs; `8- 4:and 9, itffis noted; thattheltypewriterrisl provided-1 vwith rib-- bonacontrol mechanism which' yfunctions to move f an inkedrribboifi 38| upward` andin` front of the l copi?? sheet 22| Vas each .ltypebar`"2|2 is moving toward the platen 2|3 to effect a printing operation. When' printin'guhas beeneiected and as the type `ba'ris .being returnedto-rest position, in .thestype basket, the ribbonis` moved down-` wardly fronti in Tfr'ont i 'of 'the' plateiif'scfithat 1 the typedvniatter: can: be readily seen. "The 'ribbon 'controlmechanism disclosed herein is of the same general type Tas-disclosed in U." S.- Patent No.

tor or holder 382, and -the'latt'er is mounted "for 5 limitedizerticalasliding movementon the type bar guide 248;' The 'vibrator 382 extends downwardlyy and `is pivotedaatitslowerend to the outer end of "al lever 383 wh'lch'is in turn pivoted' at 384 on anxed -frame part y385 .of the typewriter. A link cfa? lever 383land atlits `lower -end carries va. stud movement within s ani? ercuelte slot -388 `formedin one "endl of lafcontrol` lever '389,the latter being pivoted at'aimidpolnttto aHXedstud 3|| carried by., .the.typewriter fratrie(` structure; The other i or. forwardedf4 of the -control lever! 389 is connectedeby .a linkt-3| 3lwithlan armf'3-I 4 fixed to and extending rearward-ly. troni-.a universalbar or bail 3|8 carrying at its lowerend a contact-actuating roller 3| 3. The. bail 3|5 and its attached arm .3|4 in effect form a bell crank pivoted at a midpoint on the rod 3|6. `VThe bail 3 5 extendsacross the typewriter `from side-to-side and the upper forward end thereof`V is formed as a plate 328 which is in overlying-.engagement with all of the i downwardly projectingarmsi32| formed, respec-` tively, on the sub-levers 2'36fpreviously described. A pair ofnormally closed springy blade contacts 323 arexedto a typewriter -frame part 324 and the lower movable blade 325 thereof extends Voutwardly, and beneath the roller 3I9 and in position to be actuated-by thelatter.

As explained hereinabove, each sub-lever 236 I `tion islbegunthedepending arm 32| of the operyated sub-leverv236rocks the bail member 3|5 counterclockwise'.'andthe latter, through the link 3|3. Vcontrol lever 389; link 386, and lever 383,V

moves the-vibrator 382 upward so as to place the ribbonf38l in yfront of the copy sheet 22| where v the ribbon will be struck by the type carried by the actuated bar` 2 l2.l As eachltype bar returns tothe rest position in the typebasket, its sublever 238 rocks counterclockwise and thereby permits the ribbon-lift bail 3|5 to return,through the connectionijust described. the ribbon 38| to the lower or rest positionshown in Fig. 8;

Means isf provided `forfselectively printing the character data'in eitheroneiofl two colors.' The `ribbon 38| is of the bichrome type, for example yheight to whichjthe `ribbon 38 fis' raised for each i printing operationlfflhe-helg-ht-to which therib-Lj 15:1 bon is lifted may be variedfby changingthe-position of the pivotstud301 in the slot 308. With the stud 3011 in the extreme forward .position shown, the ribbon 30| will-.3 be lifted during a` printing operation .to a position where the upper' half or black-ink portion of the ribbonwill be in printing position. rIf the stud 301 is .movedto the left-hand or rear end of the slot 308,'the elective length of the arm of the control lever to which the stud 301 isl connected, is llengthened and, as a consequencathefvibrator 302 will be lifted higher during a printing operation so that' ribbon will be.

the lower or red-inkportion of the placed in printing position. .1

As willlce explained more fullyhereinafter, the color of the printing is under the'selective control vof significant code designations recordedin the tape I; As shown, in Fig.,9, a solenoid. 34| is mounted horizontally on the lixed frame part 324, andthe armature 342 thereof isrconnected.

through a link ,343, bell. 'crank 3441and link 345 y with the pivot stud` 301. deenergized, the condition shown, a tension spring 341 connecting a fixed bracket. 348 withv the bell crank 344 urges, thelink 34;5;and stud 301 to the forward or right-handend `of the slot 308, .the position shown in Fig. 8, where, as explained above,

When the. solenoid 4isl thel character willbe printedin black. When the` the `norrnallyclosed contacts`a3234 are opened -asi soon as the ribbon-liftbail 3|5 begins, to move from the position shown in Fig. v8. at thebeginning of each printing operation, and thccontacts 323' remain open until the bail 3|5 is returned to the position shown at the completion of each printing operation. A study; o f. the operation of typewriters ofthe .type disclosed revealsi that the length of time extending from theinstant each type bar leaves the,l basketuntilthe instant it is returned to the rest position shown, varies substantially with the different type bars. There is also some variation in time consumed between the time of tripping ofi-the different cam units and the time the cams and their relatedtype bars 2li begin to move and also between the timethe bars are returnedl to the grest `,position and the` time the related camsare reset, the latter difer ences in time being due to the Ivarying character istics of the diierent cam'units.

However, these. latter time `differences due.. to. the-individualcharacteristics of .the cam. units, are relatively.y small compared :with the previouslyl'mentionedtime diierences .causedby the individual operating characteristics of the; type .bars and their.

associated link-and-lever. assemblies for oper,.

ating them. By way of example, itisnotedxthatl in one machine under, study, the fastest type bar to operate was out of the type basket the total elapsed time; of 35' milliseconds and the slowest bar to operate was-out of.` the basket for80 milliseconds, and that the fastestcam to operate started moving 20 milliseconds after'being'trippedt Thus, in v this and the slowest 4,5 .milliseconds particular machine there is'a total .variation in',

type bar. actionof l5v millisecondsyand a Vtotal variation in delay between cam tripping and carri.v movement of 20 milliseconds. The variation inl resetting time of the cams was foundl to he very small, viz., on the order of 10 milliseconds..v Because of the fact that vthe contacts 323 are opened, in the manner described above, asveach type bar 2 2 leaves the type basket and are closed as each type bar is returned to the baskct,'it kis apparent that the lengths of time the 'contactsare open during the printing operations vary in direct proportion to the lengths of time required for such printing operations. As will be explained: more fully hereinafter, the contacts 323 are in. the energizing circuit for the clutch magnet and thereby control the timefextending between the beginning of each rea-ding operation where a character representing code designation is sensed an-d the beginning of the next succeeding reading operation. The operation of the apparatus thus far described will now be described in connection with the wiring diagram shown in Figs. 12a,A and` 12b. From an examination of these Views, it will be noted that all of the control instrumentalities and circuit wires located Within the reader |00 are shown diagrammatically in Fig. 12a, and this includes the relay translator mechanisml previously referred to herein, and that all of the control instrumentalities and circuit wires mounted on the typewriter are shown in Fig. 12b. For the purposes of simplicity, the circuit wires of the reader which are connected, respectively, by the individual Wires within the'cable RT (Fig. 1) with corresponding circuit wires in the typewriter are shown as terminating at the right-hand margin of Fig, 1'2a in plug socket connections, designated, respectively, as RI` to R59, inclusives The corresponding circuit wires in the typewriter terminate at the left-hand margin of Fig. 12b in plug socket connections T| to T59, inclusive.A It is to be assumed that the plug sockets Rl to R59 are connected, respectively, to the plug sockets Tl to T59, inclusive by the individual cable wires. i

As stated above, the relay translator mechanism comprises the series of relays MI to M6, inclusive, which, during each cycle of operation. of the reader, are energized singly or in combination, as a result of the producing of significant signalsl byv the sensing of code hole designations in the record tape. The relay translator shown is a Welll known mechanism which, inY response to the selective energization of its relay magnets in the manner just stated, sets up a number of controlling circuit paths corresponding, respectively, to the code designations sensed. The -relays'MI to M6, inclusive, control, respectively, the operation of one or more related transfer. contacts which during each sensing cycle willv be-transf ferred, or left at normal position, so that the contacts maybe connected in combinational series. to condition the just mentioned controlling circuit paths. As shown, the armature of relay'Ml operates a pair of contacts M|-|; the armature of relay M2 operates two pairs of contacts M2- and M2-2; the armature of relay M3l operates `four pairs of contacts M3.-| to M3-4, inclusive; the armature of relay M4 operates eight pairs of contacts M4-I to M4'-8, inclusive; the armature of relay M5 operates sixteen pairs of contacts M5-| to MB-IB, inclusive; and the armature of relay M6 operates thirty-two pairs of contacts M6| to M632, inclusive.` In Fig. 12a, 4these various relay-controlled transfer contacts areshown in their upper or normal position of plug socket connections T5 and T15, the

plug socket connections Tl to T54, inclus-ive, shown in Fig. 12b as connected, respectively, by' individual circuit wires with the'solencids 247i which actuate the character and functional key levers of the typewriter previously described. As will appear morefully hereinafter, the circuit wiresv extending from T8 and Tit connected to relays for controlling the energizing and deenergizing of the color control solenoid In Figs. 12a, and 12b, all switches, solenoids, relays, contacts, and associated parts are shown in the positions they normally occupy with no tape under the sensing AgateZi (Fig. l) and with both power switches 24 and 224 in open position and with the type basket in its lower case position. shown in Fig. 8. A source of alternating current is indicated in Fig. 12a by the lead wires 453B and 40|.

As stated previously, both the reader motor RM and the typewriter motor TM are operated when either the power switch 24 or the power switch 224 in is closed position. One side of the motor RM is permanently connected to the lead 44H5, andalso one side of the motor TM is permanently connected -to the lead 44B by a wire 452, plug f1 connected to the supply lead 459D, and the other side being connected to the wire 408, and through the latter and switch 24 with the other supply wire 40|. f

With one side of the motors RMand TM and transformer 405 being permanently connected to the lead 450 in the manner just explained, the

closing of switch 224 alsoenergizes, the motors RM and'TM and thetransformer 446 as follows: from wire 4! i, wire 4 I il, plug socket, connectionsy R58 and T58, wire 4| I, the switch .224, a wire 4| 2, Y

wire 4|3, and wire 485, to the other side of motor TM; and through wire 455, plug socket connecf tions T52 and R52, the wires 448 and 498, to the other side of the motor RM and the other side of the primary of Vtransformer 446.

With the transformer 455 energized in the manner just explained, alternating current is supplied to the input terminals of a rectifier 4|5. The positive and negative D. C. output terminals of rectifier 415 are connected,l respectively, to a plus bus 4|6 and to a minus bus 4|'|. The opposite sides of the coil'of a reader relay 425 are permanently connected with the plus bus M5 and the minus bus 4|?, so that as long as the rectiiier is supplied with alternating current, the relay 425 remains energized. When the relay 425 is thus energized, the armature 423 thereof connects the minus bus 4|1 to each of wires 43|, 432, 433, 434,

435, and 435, which are respectively, connected ciA 18 to the return sidesr of the six translator relays MI to M5, inclusive.

With a record tape l0 properly positioned under the gate 2| in the reader |00, the contactsv 95 are closed by the pin 94v and the apparatus is ready for successively reading and1 transcribingA the code designations in the tape onto the record sheet 22| in the typewriter 245. The tape sensing and feeding operation is started by depressing either the reader start switch 25 or the typewriter start switch 225. The reader start switch 25 is provided with twopairs of spring blade contacts 44B and 44i, respectively, the contacts 4'40 being normally opened and being closed upon depressing the start switch 25, and the contacts 44| be.

ingnormally closed, and being open when the start switch 25 is depressed. The movable onel of the normally open contacts 440 is connected' by a wire 442, with the plus bus M5. Thus, when contacts 440 are closed by depressing switch 25, direct current will flow from the plus bus 41E through the wire 442, contacts 444, a wire 443,l plug socket connections R55 and T515, a wire 444, the normally closed insert switch 221, a wire 445, plug socket connections T53 and R53, a wire 44F5,`normally closed pick-up contacts 441 of a master control relay 448, a wire 449 to one side of a main coil 455 of suchrelay 448; and, from the coil 455, through wire 45|, the now closed contacts 96, and a wire 452 to the minus bus 4H.

When the master control relay 445 is thus energized, the armature thereof moves to the right and thereby opens the pick-up contacts 441 and closes a pair of holding contacts 453, the latter being connected directly to the plus bus 4 |'6 `by awire454. The contacts 44T and 453 are of the overlapping type, that is, the holding contacts 453 make before the pick-up contacts 441 break. With the holding contacts 453 closed, direct cur' rent will flow through the holding circuit for the main coil 45B which is traced as follows: from the plus bus M6, through the wir-e 454,' contacts 453, wire 449, to the coil 455; and, from the latter, through wire 45|, contacts 96, and wire 452, to the minus bus 4|'|.'

Contacts 455 also close when master control relay 443 is energized and they thereby condition an energizing circuit for the clutch magnet CM. This conditioned clutch magnet -control c ircuit is established when the start switch contacts 44| are again closed by the operator releasing the start switch'25. The clutch magnet circuit is traced as follows: from the positive bus 4| through the plug socket connections R51 and T57, a wire 456, normally closed relay contacts 355 which as will be explained hereinafter are under the control of elements for effecting carriage return of the typewriter, a wire 451, the normally closed contacts 25H which are actuated by the carriage-return cam Vas previously described, a wire 458, the normally closed contacts 323 operated by the ribbon-lift bail 5| 4, a wire 43S, normally closed contacts 3.28 which are `under the control of elements for effecting tabulating operations of the typewriter and will be explained hereinafter, a wire 459, normally closed contacts 450 of the typewriter start switch 225,` wire 45|, plug socket connections T54 and R54, wire 462, the now-closed contacts 455 of themaster control relay 448, a wire 463, the now-closed contacts 44| of the start switch 225, wire 464, the clutch magnet CM, and from the latter through a wire 465, the now-closed contacts 96, and wire 452 to the minus bus 4||. The clutch Vmagnet circuit just traced directly controls the operation of the reader in the manner previously explained; i. e., when the clutch magnet CM is energized by the closing of this circuit, the operating shaft 35 of the reader is connected by the clutch 31 to the power shaft 3| and when the clutch magnet CM is deenergized by the opening of the circuit just traced, the arm 41 (Figs. 2 and 6) moves into engagement with the barrel 4| and into the path of projection 46 which functions to disengage the clutch 31 and stop the shaft 35 at home position.

The typewriter start switch 225 is connected in parallel with the reader start switch 25, so that the operation of the apparatus may be started by depressing and releasing the switch 225 in the same manner as just described in connection with the switch 25. As shown, the switch 225 is provided with two pairs of spring blade contacts which are the normally closed contacts 468 mentioned above, and a normally open pair of contacts 461. One contact of the pair of contacts 461 is permanently connected to the D. C. plus bus 4I 6 through the wire 456 and plug socket connections T51 and R51. The other contact of the pair of contacts 461 is connected by a wire 468 and a wire 469 with the normally closed insert switch 221 which, as explained previously in connection with switch 25, is connected to the D. C. minus bus 4|1 through the wire 445, plug socket connections T53 and R53, wire 446, pick-up contacts 441 of the master control relay 448. wire 449, coil 450, wire 45|, contacts 96, and wire 452, Thus, with the apparatus at rest, by depressing the switch 225 to close its contacts 461, and open the contacts 460, a flow path for direct current is established through the pick-up contacts 441 and coil 458 of the master control relay 448, and the latter, when energized, will close its holding contacts 453 and remain energized by the holding circuit established thereby which was previously traced. As explained above, the contacts 455 are closed by the energizing of relay 448 and the clutch magnet circuit is conditioned thereby. When the start switch 225 is released, its contacts 460 again close and the conditioned energizing circuit for the clutch magnet CM is thereby established.

As described previously herein, when the reader shaft 35 commences to rotate, due to the energizing of the clutch magnet CM and the resulting engagement of clutch 31, the tape I8 is first spa-ced to move a record field into sensing position which is directly above the sensing pins SI to S5, inclusive, and then the field is sensed by the pins to determine the code hole designation therein. As an example let it be assumed that the record field being sensed bears the code hole designation for the letter character Y which, as shown in Fig. 13, comprises code holes in positions l, 3, and 5. As shown in Fig. '1, and as previously explained, the sensing of the 1-3--5 code hole designation will result in the sensing pins SI, S3, and S moving upward through the code holes in the tape to close the contacts CI, C3, and C5, respectively. The contacts CI, C3, and C5 will close at approximately 130 of the revolution of shaft 35 to condition signal circuits connected in parallel, and Will remain closed until 325, and the D. C. common contacts |84 are closed by the cam |02 at 142 to establish such signal circuits and are opened again at 311. With the contacts Cl, C3, and C5 closed, and with the D. C. common contacts |84 closed, the signal current will flow from the D, C. positive bus 4|6 through cam contacts |84, the contacts CI', C3, and C5 in. palallel, and through signal wires 41|, 413, and 415 to translator relay magnets Ml, M3, and M5, respectively, and from the latter through wires 43|, 433, and 435, respectively, the closed contacts of read relay 428, to the D. C. minus bus 4 l1. With the translator relay magnets MI, M3, and M5 thus energized by the producing of a signal corresponding to the 1-3--5 code designation, their respective relay contacts are transferred to their lower positions. As the relays M2, M4, and M6 remain deenergized, their related transfer contacts will remain in their normal upper positions.

With the transfer contacts of the translator in the position just stated, and when the cam |86 on the reader shaft 35 closes the A. C. common contacts |08 at 170 of the revolution of shaft 35, alternating current will flow through the controlling circuit flow path established by the translator contacts, to the solenoid 241 controlling the key lever 228 for the character Y on the type- Writer, and, thereby, effect the tripping of the related cam unit 233 and the resulting operation of the related type bar 2|2 in the manner previously explained. Assuming the type basket to be in its lower case position, the energizing of the solenoid 241 as just explained will result in the lower case character Y" being printed on the sheet 22|. The closed A. C. circuit path for energizing the solenoid 241 is traceable as follows: from the A. C. supply lead 488, a Wire 411, contacts |88 now closed, a wire 418, contacts M|`| in the lower position, a wire 419, contacts M22 in the position shown, a wire 488, contacts M3-3 in the lower position, a wire 48|, contacts M4--6 in the position shown, a wire 482, contacts M5| in the lower position, a wire 483, contacts M622 in the position shown, a wire 484, the plug socket connections R35 and T35, a wire 485, solenoid 241 for actuating the type bar carrying the character Y, a wire 486, and if the power switch 24 is closed, through the wires 4|3 and 485, plug socket connections T52 and R52, the Wire 489, switch 24 to the A. C, supply wire 48 If instead, the switch 224 is closed, the circuit will include the wire 4|2, switch 224, wire 4|I, plug sockets T58 and R58, and wire 48|.

At approximately the same time the type bar 2 I2 carrying the type for the letter "Y is moved from its position of rest in the type basket by the link-and-lever operating connection with its related cam unit 233, the contacts 323 are opened by the ribbon-lift bail 3|5 being operated by the sub-lever 236 which forms a part of such linkand-lever connection. As explained above, the contacts 323 are in the clutch magnet circuit and the -opening of such contacts, as just noted, will deenergize the clutch magnet CM and thereby cause the outer end of arm 41 (Figs. 2 and 6) to move into engagement with the clutch barrel 4| and into the path of movement of extension 46 of clutch disengaging arm 45, with the result that if the clutch CM is not again energized and the arm 41 thereby moved out of the way of the extension 46 before the reader shaft 35 reaches its -zero or home position, the reader shaft 35 will become declutched from the power shaft 3|` and come to rest at the home position. The contacts 323 are closed by the ribbon-lift bail at approximately the same time the type bar 2|2 returns to rest position in the basket. Thus, the clutch magnet can not again be energized to start the next succeeding cycle of the reader shaft 35 until the type bar operated in the present cycle has returned to the basket. It is, therefore, apparent 21 that with theribbon-lift ball contacts 323 in the clutch magnet circuit there can be no interference in the type `bar movement in successive opcratingy cycles.

With the readershaft 35 operating at a uniform speed, the Vtime consumed `from the beginning of each of the operating cycles up to and inm cluding the tripping of a cam unit, is about the same for every cycle in which ka character representing code designation is sensed. As stated above, there is a relatively small variation` in time consumed between the tripping of the differ ent cam units and the point where their respective cams to begin to move, such variation being about 26 milliseconds in the particular example given. Also, there is a negligible variation be tween the time the type barsxare returned to rest andthe resetting of their related cams, viz., on the order of millisecondsin the particular example. However, as was also explained above, it has been determined. that'the total elapsed time the type bars are out of the type basket Varies materially vaccordingto the structural and operating characteristics `of the 'diierent type bars and of their respective link-and-lever connections with their related cams, the total variation in the example Vnoted above being on the order of 45 milliseconds.

In order to obtain the maximum typing speed with the apparatus illustrated, the speed of the reader shaft 35 should be such that the fastest type bar to operate will reclose'the contacts 323 and thereby reenergize the clutch magnet atap proximately the same time the reader shaft completes a revolution. With suchan arrangement, there will be a delay between succeeding revo luti'ons of the reader shaft when any of the slower type bars are operated-the amount of such delay varying in direct proportion to the speed characteristics oisuch slower type bars. Thus, with the contacts 323 opening at the ben ginning and reclosingat the end of each-printing operation, lthe elapsed time between the beginning of each Yoperating cycle of the reader in which a character representing designation is sensed and the beginning of the next succeeding operating cycle of the reader, varies as an increasing function of the time consumed by the printing operation of the type bar corresponding to such sensed code designation.

In previous constructions, wherein the reader shaft remains clutched to the power shaft during successive cycles in which character designations are sensed, the speed of the reader shaft must be such that there will besul'licient time during r each cycle for the slowest type bar to be operated. Thus, with the latter structures the typing speed isliinited by the slowest type bar. In the structure disclosed herein, the overall typing speed is materially greater because the speed is controlled by the operating characteristics of the individual type bars.

As vis disclosed fully in my said -copending application, when a code designation is sensed which represents either the carriage-return, tabulating, or the back-space`-operation, provision is made for stopping and holding the reader shaft 35 at hoi-ne position while such functional operations are being eiected by the typewriter and for resuming the sensing operations upon a completion of such functional operation. From an examination of Fig. 12b, it will be noted that each of the key lever actuating solenoids 241 for effecting these three last-mentioned functional operations is connected to a circuit wire 49|, and

that the latter is in turn connected througha Wire 492, plug socket connections T5| and RSI and the wire 490 with one input terminal of a rectifier 493. The other input terminal of the rectier 493 is connected by the wire 409 and switch 24 with'the A. C. supply wire 40|. If the switch 224 is closed instead of switch 24 such other input terminal of rectier 493 is connected to supply Wire throughplug sockets R52 and T52, wire 405, wire 4|3, Wire 4 |2, switch 224, wire 4| I., plug. sockets T58 and R58, and wire 4|0.

Thus, when the code designation corresponding to .either the carriage return, tabulating or back space: operation is sensed, and the translator is adjusted thereby to condition a controlling circuit through the solenoid 241 corresponding to the sensed code designation, the closing of the A. C. common contacts |18 will energize such corresponding solenoid 241 and will connect the input terminals of `rectifier 493'across the A. C. supp/ly line. "One D. C. output terminal of the rectler 4.93 is connected by a wire 494, relay contacts 495 andwire 496 with one side of a bucking coil 491 of relay 448, and the other side of the coil 491 is connected Withthe other D. C. output terminal of the rectier. With relay 448 energized, the contacts 495 are closed. Consequently, the just described closing of'A. C. common contacts |08 Willi result in the energizing of bucking coil 491. The coils 49.1 and 450 are oppositely wound, and the coil 491 is of sufficient strength to overcome the coil 450 and cause relay 448 to drop out and thereby open its holding contacts 453. The contacts 495 alsol drop out and break the circuit through the bucking coil 491. Thecontacts 455 in the clutch magnet crcuit also open to `deenergize the clutch magnet CM `and thereby stop further sensing operations. The pick-up contacts 441 close, but the main coil 450 cannot be energized again until other normally open contacts in the pick-up circuit are closed. i i

' Asizdescribed hereinabove, when the carriage-'- return designation is sensed and thesolenoid 241 corresponding thereto is energized, the cam unit 253is actuated and is held in its actuated position by a toggle lever-and-link arrangement until the carriage is returned and the toggle arrangement is broken and restored `to normall condition by'ialever arm 2&9 (see Fig. 10). As eX- plained previously, when the `carriage-neturn cam unit. 253 is actuated, the arm 285 moves to `the left as viewed in Figs. 10 and 12b and thereby closes contacts 290 and 292 and opens contacts 29|, and Whenthe carriage-return opera- 'tionis completed, the arm 285 is returned to its inactive :position shown, and the contacts 299 and 292 lmove back to the open position shown and contacts 29| back to their closed position.

When the contacts 292 are closed bythe arm 285', as justl explained, a full wave dry plate rectii'ier 35i is thereby connected across the A. C. supply source by a circuit traced as follows: tromV the A. C. supply wire 400, vwire 492, plug sockets R59 and T59, iwire 403, Wire 404, a Wire 352, contacts 292, wirey 353 to one input termi- .nal oilrectier 35|; and, from the other input terminal of rectifier 35|, through a wire 354,-wire 43,6, wire `4|3, wire 495, plug sockets T52 and R52, wire 499, and switch 24 to the other A. C. wire Alitri. If 'the switch 224 is closed, instead of 24, the circuit will include the wire 4|2, switch 224, wire 4H, plug sockets T58 and R58, and wire 4U). With the` rectifier 35| thus connected across ,the A. C. source, a lrelay 355, which is connected 23 across the output terminals of the rectifier, is energized. The energized relay 355 opens its relay contacts 358, previously described as being in the clutch magnet circuit.

Thus, when the carriage-return code designation is sensed, the master control relay 448 is dropped out with the energizing of the carriage return solenoid 241 and the energizing circuit for the clutch magnet is opened by the contacts 455 and also by the relay contacts 358. When the contacts 298 are closed by the arm 285, they establish a pick-up circuit for the main coil 458 of relay 449 through the now closed pick-up contacts 441. This pick-up circuit is as follows: from the D. C. plus bar 4I6, plug sockets R51 and T51, wire 45'6, contacts 298, wire 469, insert switch 221, wire 445, sockets T53 and R53, wire 446, pick-up contacts 441, wire 449, main coil 458, wire 45|, contacts 96, and wire 452 to the minus bus 4|1. The relay 448 is thereby again picked up and is held by its hold contacts 453, as before, and its contacts 455 in the clutch magnet circuit close, but the latter circuit is not closed as contacts 29| are still open and as contacts 292 are still closed, and relay contacts 358 are thereby held open. When the carriage-return operation is completed and the contacts 29| again close and the contacts 292 again open to deenergize relay -355 and thereby permit its contacts 350 to close, the clutch magnet CM is energized and a new cycle of operation of the reader begins.

It is noted that in'my said copending application, the carriage-return cam unit controls the operation of only one pair of contacts in the clutch magnet circuit and that such contacts are practically the same as the contacts 29| disclosed herein. The reason for including herein in the clutch magnet circuit, the additional relay operated contacts 358, is a safety measure to assure that the clutch magnet will not become energized `before the carriage has fully returned to begin a new line of typing. The relay 355 and its contacts 358 delay the reclosing of the clutch magnet circuit, after the carriage-return cam arm 285 permits the contact assembly 288 to assume its normal position, by an amount equal to the time it takes the relay y355 to become deenergized.l It has been found that this amount of delay is enough to prevent an accidental premature closing of the clutch magnet circuit before the carriage is fully returned. The contacts 29| are retained as they assure theopening of the clutch magnet circuit without delay at the beginning of a carriage-return operation.

When the typewriter begins a tabulating operation the contacts 326 in the clutch magnet circuit are opened by an element of the typewriter and contacts 321 are closed. Thus, when the co-de designation representing a tabulating operation is sensed, the typewriter carriage is -tabulated and the master control relay 448 is dropped out by the energizing of the bucking coil 491, and the clutch magnet circuit is opened both by contacts 326 and 455.. The closing of contacts 321 connects the rwires 456 and 469, the same as contacts 368, and they thereby estab- `lish the pick-up circuit which was traced above for master control relay 448. The relay 448 is yheld energized by its contacts 453, and when the tabulating operation is completed and the ycontacts 326 again closed, the clutch magnet circuit is again established and cyclic reading operations are resumed.

When a back-space code designation is sensed, the typewriter is caused to back space and the master relay 448 isdropped out due' to the'energizing of the bucking coil 491, and the clutch magnet circuit is opened by relay contacts 455, as before. However, as a back space operation only requires a relatively short period of time to be completed, the relay 448 is immediately picked up again and held and the clutch magnet circuit restored to the contacts 455. The latter is effected by contacts 3 I 8 connecting :wires 456 and 469, such contacts 3I8 being closed by a typewriter element which moves as a result of a back-space operation as explained in said copending application.

The'operation of the reader |88 may be manually stopped by depressing either stop switch 26 or 226. One side of switch 26 is connected directly to the A. C. supply wire 488 and the other side of switch 26 is connected to the other A. C. supply wire 46| through a wire 425, a wire 426, the rectifier 493 and wire 489 and switch 24. One side of stop switch 226 is connected to the A. C. supply wire 488 through the wires 484, 483, plug sockets T59 and R59, and wire 482, and the other side of switch 226 is connected to the other A. C. supply wire 4.8i through the wires 49| and 492, plug sockets T5| and R5I, the wires 498, the rectiiier 493, and the wire 489 and switch 24. Thus, when either switch 26 or switch 226 is depressed, the rectifier 493 is connected across the A. C. supply line and the bucking coil y493 'is thereby energized to drop out the master control relay 448 and thereby open the clutch magnet circuit and stop the reader. Reading 'operations can then be resumed only by depressing either of start switches 25 or 225 to pick up the master control relay, as previously described.

As stated hereinabove, a further feature of the present invention is to provide for controlling the color of the printing by code designations recorded in the tape. In response to the sensing of the red code designation in the tape I8, shown in Fig. 13 as being a code hole in the number 2, 5, and 6 code positions, the relay translator of Fig. 12a is adjusted in the manner previously explained to condition a controlling circuit path therethrough and including the terminal circuit wire 36|, plug socket connections R16 and TI6, wire 362, relay 363, wire 364, normally closed relay contacts 365, a wire 366, and the previously described common return wire 486 for the solenoids 241 which as explained is connected to the A. C. supply wire 40| either through switch 24 or switch 224. When this conditioned circuit path is closed by the cam |86 closing A. C. common contacts |88 which connect the A. C. supply wire 488 to the input wire 418 of the translator, the relay 363 is energized and thereby closes its hold contacts 361 and a second pair of contacts 368. The hold contacts 361 connect one side of the relay 363 directly tothe A. C. supply wire 488 through the wire 484, wire 483, and plug socket connections T59 and R59. As the other side of relay 363 is already connected to A. C. supply wire y40| through the wire 364, relay contacts 365, and wires 366 and 486, the relay 363 is held energized by the closing of its hold contacts 361. The now closed relay contacts 368 energize the solenoid 34| by a D. C. circuit traced as follows: from the positive bus 4I6, plug socket connections R51 and T51, the wire 456, the solenoid 34 I, a wire 318, the relay contacts 368 now closed, a wire 31|, and plug socket connections T56 and R56 to the negative bus 4 I 1.

As explained hereinabove, the energizing of solenoid 34| results in the moving of the pivot pin 301 to the left-hand end'of`slot'308 (see also Fig. '8), with the result that when a character cam unit 233 is tripped in a subsequent cycle, the control lever 309 will be rocked by the ribbon-lift bail and the virbrator or holder 302 will thereby be lifted to a point where the red-ink part of the ribbon will be placed in printing position. The printing in red ink will continue until the black code designation is sensed.

As shown in Fig. 13, the black code designe.- tion comprises a code hole in the number 3, 5, and 6 code positions. The sensing of the 3-5-6 code designation results in the translator being adjusted, in the manner previously explained, to condition a controlling circuit path through the translator corresponding to such sensed designation and including the terminal circuit wire 315, plug socket connections R9 and T8, a wire 316, a relay 31?, and .thc Wires StG and tu described hereinabove as being connected to the A. C. supply wire through either the switch 2t or 224i. It will be apparent that when A. C. common contacts 108 are closed, later on during the cycle, the conditioned controlling circuit path just identified will be connected thereby to the other A. C. wire 400 and the circuit will be completed. The closing of this circuit will energize the relay 3'i-1 which will open its contacts 365 in the holding circuit for relay 363. The relay 353 will thereby be deenergized and open its hold contacts 361 and its contacts 368 which'were described above as being in the energizing circuit for solenoid 34|. When A. C. contacts 'Hi8 are opened later on in the cycle the energizing circuit for relai7 311 will `be broken the contacts ti will return to their normally closed condition. The relays 311 and 363 and solenoid 3M will then be in the deenergized condition shown in the drawings. As explained above, when solenoid 3M is deenergized the spring 341 (Fig. 9) will move the pivot pin 301 back to its right-hand position in the slot 3D3 as shown -in Fig. 8, which is the adjusted position for effecting printing in black ink.

While there have been shown and described and pointed out thefundamental novel features of the invention, as applied to a preferred embodiment, it will be understood that various omissions and substitutions and changes in the form and details of the device illustrated and in its operation may be made by those skilled-in the art without departing from the spirit ofthe invention. It is the intention therefore to be limited only as indicated by the scope of the following claims;

What is claimed is:

l. In record-controlled printing apparatus, the combination of cylically operable reader mechanisrn for successively sensing data-representing designations recorded in a record sheet, said reader mechanism comprising a rotatable reader shaft, each revolution of which corresponds to an operating cycle, means operated by said reader shaft and during Aeach revolution thereof for spacing said record sheet to bring a datarepresenting designation into a sensing position, and means operated by said reader shaft during each revolution thereof `for sensing the data designation occupying said sensing position; printing means comprising a plurality of character type members selectively operable to effect printing on a copy sheet; means controlled by said reader shaft and acting in response to the sensing of each designation representing a character, for effecting a, printing operation of the corresponding character type member; a continuously rotating power shaft; a one-revolution clutch operable, when engaged, to connect said power and reader shafts for one revolution and then become disengaged; and control means operable upon the 'beginning of cach character printing operation, to prevent operation of said clutch to eifectthe next 0perating cyclel of said reader mechanism and operable upon the completion of each said 'charactor printing operation, to provide for the option'of said clutch to effect the next operating cycle of said reader mechanism.

2. In signal-controlled printing apparatus, the combination of cyclically operable mechanism for successively producing character-representing signals, there being one signal produced during an operating cycle, and said mechanism comprising' an operating shaft, each revolution rof which provides an operating cycle, and said operating shaft occupying la home or startposition While at rest;' a continuously rotating power shaft; clutch means adjustable to an effective and to an ineffective condition and operable, when rendered effective with the operating shaft at its home position, to connect said power and operating shafts so as to drive the operating shaft for one revolution, and operable `when in ineffective condition as said operating shaft approaches itshome position, to disconnect said shafts and stop said operating shaft at its said home position; printing means compeisingv a plurality of members carrying character type and selectively actuatable to effect printing on a copy sheet; means responsive to the producing of each character signal for effecting a printing operation of the corresponding type member, and each said printing operation being initiated during the revolution of said shaft in which the corresponding signal is produced; and means responsive to each printing operation and effective to adjust said clutch meansto its ineffective condition at the beginning of each printing operation and to adjust said clutch means to its effective condition at the end of each such printing operation.

3. In signal-controlled printing apparatus, the combination of cyclically operable mechanism for successively producing character-representing signals, there being one signal produced during an operating cycle, and said mechanism comprising an operating shaft, eachv revolution of which provides an operating cycle, and said operating shaft occupying a home' or start position while at rest; a continuously rotating power shaft; clutch means adjustable to an effective and to an ineffective condition and-op.- erable, when rendered effective with the operating shaft at its home position, to connect said power and operating shafts so as to drive the operating shaft for one revolution, and operable When in ineffective condition` as said operating shaft approaches its home position, to disconnect said shafts and stop said operating shaft at its said home position; a typewriter including a platen for holding a copy sheet and plurality of type bars, each bar being effective, when actuated, to` move from a position of rest into printing engagement with the copy sheet and then return to its position of rest; means responsive to the producing of each characterrepresenting signal for actuating the type 'bar corresponding thereto and in such a manner `that movement of the actuated type bar is commenced during the same revolution of said operating 

